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Free ISTQB CT-UT Test Practice Test Questions Exam Dumps
ISTQB CT-UT Exam Syllabus Topics:
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NEW QUESTION # 16
Your last 20-pages usability test report wasn't received well by the developers; only two of the 25 usability problems have been fixed. This time, you want to stick to the best practices in order to obtain better acceptance by the development team.
What are you going to do differently this time?
- A. Add the low-priority findings you didn't include in the first report
- B. Include positive findings in the report, not only usability problems
- C. Make the report more detailed and longer
- D. Include contact details of the test participants so that the development team can contact them in case they have questions
Answer: B
Explanation:
Usability test reports are more effective when they are balanced and include not only problems but also what worked well. Including positive findings increases credibility, encourages the development team, and helps them understand what should remain unchanged. Option B violates privacy and ethical standards. Option C may dilute focus, and D could worsen the problem by making the report less accessible. Thus, the best practice supported by usability.gov and Nielsen Norman Group is to include both positive and negative findings.
References:
Usability.gov: Reporting Usability Findings
Nielsen Norman Group: Writing Usability Reports that Developers Will Read ISO 25062 - Usability Test Report Format
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NEW QUESTION # 17
What is good accessibility?
- A. Good usability of a software product by people with limited knowledge of the software
- B. Good usability of a software product on all devices (smart phone, computer, etc.)
- C. Good usability of a software product by people with limited vision, hearing, dexterity, cognition or physical mobility
- D. Good usability regardless of disturbances like bright sunlight, noise or wind
Answer: C
Explanation:
Accessibility refers to designing products so that people with disabilities or limitations (permanent or temporary) can use them effectively. According to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) and ISO standards, accessibility focuses on ensuring that users with vision, hearing, cognitive, or mobility impairments can access digital interfaces. Option D captures this intent accurately. The other options relate to general usability or responsiveness (e.g., device adaptability or user experience in noisy environments) but do not address the inclusive nature of accessibility as defined by official guidelines.
References:
WCAG 2.1 Guidelines - W3C
ISO 9241-171:2008 - Guidance on software accessibility
Usability.gov: Accessibility Basics
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NEW QUESTION # 18
What is the System Usability Scale (SUS)?
- A. A simple, ten-item attitude scale giving a global view of subjective assessments of usability.
- B. Testing to evaluate the degree to which the system can be used by specified users with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of use.
- C. A requirement on the usability of a component of system
- D. A usability test execution activity specified by the moderator that needs to be accomplished by a usability test participant within a given period of time.
Answer: A
Explanation:
The System Usability Scale (SUS) is a standardized, reliable tool used to measure perceived usability. It consists of 10 items with five response options (from strongly agree to strongly disagree). It is widely used due to its simplicity and effectiveness in providing a single score to reflect a user's overall satisfaction with a system. Option A refers to ISO's definition of usability testing, B describes a task in usability testing, and D refers to a usability requirement, not SUS. Therefore, the correct description of SUS is option C.
References:
Brooke, J. (1996). SUS: A Quick and Dirty Usability Scale.
Usability.gov: System Usability Scale (SUS)
ISO/IEC 25062 - Common Industry Format for Usability Test Reports
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NEW QUESTION # 19
What is a usability test task?
- A. A usability test execution activity specified by the moderator that needs to be accomplished by a usability test participant within a given period of time
- B. A test session in usability testing in which a usability test participant is executing tests, moderated by a moderator and observed by a number of observers
- C. A document specifying a sequence of actions for the execution of a usability test. It is used by the moderator to keep track of briefing and pre-session interview questions, usability test tasks, and post- session interview questions
- D. A process through which information about the usability of a system is gathered in order to improve the system (known as formative evaluation) or to assess the merit or worth of a system (known as summative evaluation)
Answer: A
Explanation:
A usability test task is a clearly defined activity that a participant is asked to perform during a usability test session. These tasks are typically created by the test designer or moderator and are designed to reflect realistic user goals (e.g., "Find and buy a product"). The purpose is to observe the participant's interaction with the system and identify usability issues. Option A describes a usability test script, not a task. Option C defines usability evaluation in general, and D refers to a session, not a specific task. Therefore, B is correct.
References:
* ISO 25062:2006 - Common Industry Format (CIF) for Usability Test Reports
* Nielsen Norman Group: Writing Effective Usability Tasks
* Usability.gov: Usability Test Task Design
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NEW QUESTION # 20
Which of the following statements about usability testing is true?
- A. The conditions under which a usability test is done are irrelevant
- B. The preparation of a usability test is optional
- C. A usability test consists of one usability test session
- D. Before the usability test sessions, a pilot usability test session can be conducted
Answer: D
Explanation:
A pilot usability test session is a critical step prior to conducting the actual usability test. Its purpose is to ensure that the test setup, task design, and moderator instructions are clear and function as expected.
According to ISO 9241-210 and the Nielsen Norman Group's best practices, pilot testing helps detect unforeseen issues and fine-tune the process. Options A and B are incorrect because testing conditions must reflect realistic scenarios, and thorough preparation is essential to gather meaningful usability data. Option D is also incorrect; a usability test typically consists of multiple sessions with different users to gather sufficient data for analysis. The pilot session ensures everything works smoothly before involving real participants.
References:
ISO 9241-210:2019, Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Human-centred design Nielsen Norman Group: Usability Testing 101 Usability.gov: Pilot Testing
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NEW QUESTION # 21
Which of the following is a principal task of the usability tester role?
- A. Discuss findings from usability test
- B. Define testing tasks
- C. Communicate with test participant
- D. Perform pre-session briefing of participants
Answer: C
Explanation:
The usability tester, often synonymous with the usability test moderator in practice, is primarily responsible for interacting directly with the test participants during the usability testing sessions. This role includes communicating with participants to guide them through test tasks, answering questions without leading responses, and ensuring the session runs smoothly. Effective communication is essential to facilitate participant comfort, elicit genuine user behaviors, and capture accurate usability data.
Performing the pre-session briefing (Option A) may be done by the usability tester but is often a shared responsibility or part of test facilitation protocols. Discussing findings (Option C) typically falls to analysts or usability experts after testing sessions are completed and data analyzed. Defining testing tasks (Option D) is usually done by test designers or analysts during test planning, not during the test execution.
Therefore, communicating with test participants during testing is a core, principal task of the usability tester role.
References:
Usability.gov, Usability Testing Basics
Nielsen Norman Group, Moderating Usability Tests
ISO 9241-210:2019 Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Usability testing roles and responsibilities
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NEW QUESTION # 22
A company distributes its products over a web shop where users can put items in their shopping cart. After they click on "checkout", the checkout process starts and users cannot go back anymore to correct possible mistakes. The only way is to hit the "back" button of the browser, which might lead to an expired session and therefore losing all items in the shopping cart.
Which of the following heuristics would best describe this usability issue?
- A. Aesthetic and minimalist design
- B. User control and freedom
- C. Help and documentation
- D. Visibility of system status
Answer: B
Explanation:
The described issue violates the usability heuristic "User control and freedom," as defined by Jakob Nielsen.
This principle emphasizes that users should have the ability to undo and redo actions and navigate freely without being trapped in irreversible sequences. In the scenario, users are forced into the checkout process without a clear way to return or correct mistakes, except through the unreliable and disruptive back button.
This design flaw undermines user autonomy and can result in lost progress or frustration.
References:
Nielsen Norman Group: 10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design ISO 9241-110:2020 - Interaction Principles
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NEW QUESTION # 23
What's the difference between an informal usability review and an expert usability review?
- A. No formal usability qualifications are required for an informal usability review
- B. An informal review only requires one reviewer
- C. Contrary to an expert review, an informal usability review is based on opinion
- D. An expert usability review is a formal review, not an informal review
Answer: A
Explanation:
An informal usability review can be conducted by anyone, including stakeholders or developers, and does not require formal usability training or qualifications. It is typically subjective and based on general impressions.
In contrast, an expert usability review (also called heuristic evaluation) is conducted by a trained usability expert who applies recognized usability principles. This is what differentiates the two approaches most clearly. Options A and C are misleading; expert reviews can be informal in format, and informal reviews aren't necessarily based solely on opinion. Option D is incorrect since both informal and expert reviews can be conducted individually or in groups.
References:
Nielsen Norman Group: Heuristic Evaluation
ISO 9241-110:2020 - Interaction Principles
Usability.gov: Expert Review vs Informal Review
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NEW QUESTION # 24
What does the Equality Act address?
- A. It obligates organizations to make sites accessible at all costs
- B. It states that websites have to adhere to the WCAG conformity level AA
- C. It states that websites have to adhere to the WCAG conformity level A
- D. It protects people from discrimination in the workplace and in wider society
Answer: D
Explanation:
The Equality Act 2010 (UK) is legislation designed to protect individuals from discrimination in various areas, including employment and access to goods and services-this includes digital products like websites.
While it does not directly mandate WCAG compliance levels (A or AA), it implies that digital services must be accessible to users with disabilities. Organizations are required to make "reasonable adjustments" to avoid discrimination. Therefore, the most accurate and comprehensive answer is B.
References:
UK Equality Act 2010 - Legislation.gov.uk
GOV.UK: Accessibility Requirements for Public Sector Bodies
NEW QUESTION # 25
A "usability requirement" is:
- A. A requirement needed for a usability tester
- B. A requirement needed to define the size of a mobile phone used in a usability test
- C. A requirement how to conduct a usability test
- D. A requirement on the usability of a component or system
Answer: D
Explanation:
A usability requirement specifies how usable a product or component must be, often in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction, as defined in ISO 9241-11. These requirements ensure that the product meets specific human-centered design goals, such as allowing users to complete tasks accurately and quickly.
Options A and C describe procedural or test setup elements, not actual usability requirements. Option B refers to personnel qualifications, which are not the same as usability requirements related to system behavior or performance.
References:
ISO 9241-11:2018 - Usability: Definitions and Concepts
ISO/IEC 25010:2011 - Product Quality Model (Usability as a quality characteristic) Usability.gov: Defining Usability Requirements
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NEW QUESTION # 26
A web shop owner used Google Analytics to gather information about her users. She found out that most users take about five minutes to place an order. Is the usability of the website good or bad?
- A. The usability of the website is good - five minutes is a fair amount of time
- B. That depends on the context of use as users may have different expectations
- C. That depends on the accessibility of the website
- D. The usability of the website is bad - five minutes is way too long
Answer: B
Explanation:
Usability is defined in ISO 9241-11 as the extent to which a system can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction in a specified context of use. Without knowing the context-such as product complexity, user familiarity, device type, or purchasing habits-it is impossible to judge whether five minutes is good or bad. For complex items, five minutes may be reasonable, while for one-click purchases, it may be excessive. Thus, usability cannot be assessed solely based on one metric like time-it must be evaluated within its full usage context.
References:
ISO 9241-11:2018 - Usability Definitions and Concepts
Nielsen Norman Group: Context of Use in Usability Testing
Usability.gov: Usability and Context of Use
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NEW QUESTION # 27
Which of the following are advantages of using a usability lab?
i. The context is natural
ii. Test sessions are easy to observe
iii. Inexpensive setup
iv. Similar conditions for all sessions
v. Easy recording of sessions
- A. ii & iv are true, i, iii & v are false
- B. ii, iv & v are true, i & iii are false
- C. i, ii & v are true, iii & iv are false
- D. iii, iv & v are true, i & ii are false
Answer: B
Explanation:
Usability labs provide a controlled environment that offers several advantages for observing and recording usability test sessions. Specifically, they allow for easy observation of participants (ii), standardized conditions for each session (iv), and facilitate audio and video recording for detailed analysis (v). However, the context is not natural (i), because the lab is an artificial setting rather than the user's actual environment.
Also, setting up a professional usability lab is not inexpensive (iii); it typically involves significant costs for equipment, space, and staffing. Therefore, options ii, iv, and v are true, while i and iii are false.
References:
Nielsen Norman Group: Usability Labs - Pros and Cons
ISO 25062:2006 - Usability Test Reporting
Usability.gov: Setting Up a Usability Lab
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NEW QUESTION # 28
A "usability test participant" ...
- A. ... can be the organizer of a usability test.
- B. ... is a person who observes a usability test.
- C. ... helps to set up the system used for the usability test.
- D. ... is a representative user who solves typical tasks in a usability test.
Answer: D
Explanation:
A usability test participant is a person selected to represent the target user group and asked to perform specific tasks in a usability test. Their actions, reactions, and feedback help identify usability issues and evaluate the system's effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction. This role is strictly observational and does not involve organizing, observing, or setting up the test. Options A, B, and C describe other roles (e.g., technical support, observers, or moderators). Only option D accurately reflects the definition of a usability test participant.
References:
ISO 9241-210:2019 - Human-Centered Design
Usability.gov: Roles in a Usability Test
Nielsen Norman Group: Recruiting Test Participants
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NEW QUESTION # 29
Which of the following is the highest WCAG conformance level, promising the most accessible content?
- A. Triple A (AAA)
- B. Quadruple A (AAAA)
- C. Single A (A)
- D. Double A (AA)
Answer: A
Explanation:
The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) define three levels of conformance for web content accessibility:
Level A (Single A) is the minimum level of compliance.
Level AA (Double A) is the standard recommended for most websites, balancing accessibility and design.
Level AAA (Triple A) is the highest and most comprehensive level of accessibility, covering the widest range of needs.
There is no such level as "Quadruple A (AAAA)," making option D invalid.
Thus, WCAG Triple A (AAA) promises the most accessible content, even though it may not always be practically achievable for all types of content.
References:
W3C: WCAG 2.1 Conformance Requirements
ISO/IEC 40500:2012 (WCAG 2.0)
W3C: How to Meet WCAG
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NEW QUESTION # 30
Which of the following is a principal task of the usability test moderator role?
- A. Create a survey plan
- B. Log usability problems
- C. Define testing tasks
- D. Write a usability test plan
Answer: C
Explanation:
The usability test moderator plays a crucial role during the execution phase of a usability test. Their principal task is to facilitate the test sessions by guiding participants through predefined testing tasks, observing behaviors, and ensuring that the test environment is neutral and free from bias. Defining testing tasks, however, is primarily done during the test design phase by the usability test designer or analyst, but the moderator ensures these tasks are clearly communicated and administered to participants during the session.
Logging usability problems (option B) is often done by observers or analysts reviewing session recordings or notes, not directly by the moderator during live testing. Creating a survey plan (option C) and writing the usability test plan (option D) are preparatory activities generally done before the test sessions and are not the moderator's main focus. Therefore, the principal role of the moderator centers on conducting the sessions and managing task delivery effectively to obtain authentic user interaction with the system under test.
References:
Usability.gov, Usability Testing Basics
Nielsen Norman Group, Moderating Usability Tests
ISO 9241-210:2019 Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Process for usability testing
NEW QUESTION # 31
Which of the following are common mistakes made in usability testing?
i. The user is too active
ii. Critical results are ignored
iii. No observers involved
iv. Scheduling too late
v. Incorrect focus
- A. i, ii & iii are true, iv & v are false
- B. ii & iv are true, i, iii & v are false
- C. ii, iv & v are true, i & iii are false
- D. i & iii are true, ii, iv & v are false
Answer: C
Explanation:
Common mistakes in usability testing include:
Ignoring critical results (ii): A significant issue if findings are not acted upon.
Scheduling the test too late (iv): This can lead to usability problems being discovered too late to be addressed effectively.
Having the wrong focus (v): For instance, focusing on aesthetics instead of usability goals.
Option i ("user is too active") is not a problem-active participation is necessary. Option iii ("no observers involved") is not a typical mistake, since tests can still be valid even with recorded sessions and later review.
Hence, the correct answer is A: ii, iv & v are true.
References:
Nielsen Norman Group: Common Mistakes in Usability Testing
ISO 9241-210:2019 - Human-Centered Design
Usability.gov: Planning and Conducting Usability Testing
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NEW QUESTION # 32
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